NETWORK LAYER
DISCUSSION ON: Addressing: IP addressing, Subnetting, NAT, Routing: techniques, static vs. dynamic routing, Unicast Routing Protocols: RIP, OSPF, BGP; Other Protocols: ARP, RARP, IP, ICMP, IPv6; VPN. First Address of Address Block The first address in the block can be found by setting the rightmost 32 − n bits to 0s. EXAMPLE A block of addresses is granted to a small organization. We know that one of the addresses is 205.16.37.39/28. What is the first address in the block? The binary representation of the given address is 11001101 00010000 00100101 00100111 If we set 32−28 rightmost bits to 0, we get 11001101 00010000 00100101 0010000 or 205.16.37.32. Last Address of Address Block The last address in the block can be found by setting the rightmost 32 − n bits to 1s. EXAMPLE A block of addresses is granted to a small organization. We know that one of the addresses is 205.16.37.39/28. What is the last address in the block? The binary representation ...